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Industrial Research And Consultancy Centre
Patent
Regenerative Cascaded Multicell Converter (CMC)
Problem Statement
  • Harmonic Distortion: Diode-bridge passive rectifiers in conventional CMCs introduce significant harmonic components in the input current. 
  • Regeneration Limitation: Diode-bridge passive rectifiers prevent CMCs from operating in regenerative modes, limiting their application in systems requiring bidirectional power flow. 
  • Inductor Requirement: PWM active rectifier-based power cells, proposed for regeneration, require inductors to filter switching frequency components due to two-level voltage operation at the input side. 
  • Increased Transformer Rating: Harmonic components in the input current of PWM rectifier-based power cells increase the transformer's rating, leading to higher costs and inefficiencies. 
  • These challenges necessitate a more efficient and regenerative CMC design
Abstract

The invention describes a Regenerative Cascaded Multicell Converter (CMC), which comprises at least two power cells configured for each phase of one or more phases of the converter. Each phase includes a coupled inductor that connects a rectifier to an isolated power source, thereby delivering power to each power cell. Additionally, the regenerative CMC incorporates a controller located at the input side, which regulates the input power to each power cell based on a phase-shifted technique. This configuration aims to enhance the efficiency and performance of power conversion in regenerative applications.

Uniqueness of the Solution
  • Coupled Inductor Configuration: Reduces harmonic distortion and ensures equal current sharing. 
  • Single Controller: Manages input power and maintains overall stored energy for all power cells. 
  • Multilevel Voltage Operation at Both Input and Output: Enhances efficiency and reduces transformer overrating. PWM Rectifier-Based Power Cells: Enables regeneration capability. 
  • Modular Transformer Design: Facilitates easy transportation, installation, and maintenance.
Prototype Details
  • The experimental validation of the proposed converter is carried out on a 400 V, 4.5 kVA prototype with three cells per phase. 
  • A coupled inductor of 20 mH with three limbs (similar to a conventional three-phase inductor except negligible air-gap) is used for each phase since the number of cells per phase is three. The primary side of the transformer is connected in delta. 
  • Two 32-bit floating point microcontroller units F28377D from Texas Instruments are used, one for the implementation of rectifier side closed loop control in d-q frame and the other for inverter side open loop V/f control.
Current Status of Technology
  • A prototype has been developed and tested in lab environment 
  • The experimental results indicate a reduction in harmonic content, with the regenerative CMC achieving seven-level output phase voltage at 40 Hz operation and five-level output phase voltage at 30 Hz operation with a bypassed cell. 
  • The coupled inductor configuration ensures equal current sharing among all power cells in one phase.
Technology readiness level

4

Societal Impact
  • Offers significant societal benefits by enhancing energy efficiency and reducing harmonic pollution in power systems. 
  • Ability to support bidirectional power flow facilitates applications in renewable energy integration, and industrial drives. 
  • By optimizing energy usage and reducing grid disturbances, the CMC contributes to a more stable and sustainable electrical infrastructure. 
  • Modular design and fault tolerance also improve reliability and reduce maintenance costs, making clean energy technologies more accessible and reliable for communities worldwide.
Relevant Industries, Domains and Applications

Electrical and Power Electronics Converter Manufacturing, Power, Energy

Applications or Domain

Ability to support bidirectional power flow facilitates applications in renewable energy integration, electric vehicles, and industrial drives.

Geography of IP

Type of IP

Application Number

201821032623

Filing Date
Grant Number

501987

Grant Date
Assignee(s)
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
**This IP is owned by IIT Bombay**