The growing population demands a large food production. This leads to generation of a large amount of by-product and waste product. It affects our ecology and climate in an adverse manner. Climate change and the response to it is not new as it is sometimes thought to be. Now a day the generation of bagasse ash from sugar factory is increasing rapidly. Disposal of by-product from industry is major concern as it required vast area. In some places of India, it is used as fertilizer. Use of bagasse ash as fertilizer seems to be a good option of disposal. But, some scholars have suggested avoiding the use of bagasse ash as fertilizer as it contains heavy metal. Civil engineering in-fracture development required a huge amount of construction material. Presently bagasse ash is being used as a filling material and fine aggregate in concrete. In case geotechnical engineering there is a huge demand of backfill material in retaining wall construction. As a result, bagasse ash is proposed as backfill material for retaining wall. In order to understand the behaviour of bagasse ash as a backfill material basic laboratory and model test are being carried out, and bagasse ash has shown its possibilities to be one of the alternative backfill material in retaining wall.